The year is 1981. IBM has just released the Personal Computer; a low cost machine it hopes will create a winning brand. Several models are produced in quick succession accompanied by an ad campaign featuring a Charlie Chaplin figure. The message is clear: It's cheap and it's cheerful.
The growth vector for the product turns out to be a software application called a spreadsheet. Its many early forms - VisiCalc, Multiplan, Lotus 1-2-3, along with WordStar word-processing and of course games all help drive hardware sales.
Nobody seems to question the rapid and promiscuous spread of these programs by copying onto 5.25" floppy disks and passing them from person to person.
That was then. This is now. Harsh fines and jail sentences are threatened to anyone involved in doing what came naturally back in the early '80s. It's a Very Bad Thing to copy software without having a license to do so. They say 'this stuff is ours, we want to be paid for it', and of course they're right.
But here is a problem. Software's binary information is a kind of digital DNA, always wanting to replicate. It's what has made and sustained the digital revolution. When transmitting information, whether from one disk to another or over the Internet, errors can be corrected, faint signals regenerated as new, and even lost portions of messages recreated. This is the essence of the digital world, and replication is its big trick.
One of the things most of us did with our first computer was to copy something. In our early PC vocabulary COPY was the most popular word. Doing it was so easy and so immediately rewarding. It did nobody any harm ? did it? The user got the software and the manufacturer got their product widely distributed.
But a company has to make money, not just gain market share, and at some point in time a shift occurred. It's as if the manufacturers decided to play the soccer off-side rule and grab the high moral ground at the same time - nearly every PC owner in the world was suddenly wrong-footed. And no one after all can disagree with their position. But how will they play catch-up on their lost revenues? How can they now make all their customers compliant?
A London analyst who specialises in intellectual rights issues says "the paradigm we have at present where the license chases the product doesn't seem to be an effective mechanism for compliance by itself."
In other words trying to push a license into everywhere the software has gone without the ease with which the software got there in the first place will prove difficult. But that's not all.
An account manager for a hardware firm in the US says "It can be difficult to keep the licensing nailed down. The hardware changes, the software moves on, departments, even companies, merge. The picture is always changing"
Demand has always fuelled innovation in Information Technology. Fluid, dynamic, competitive, the elements of IT constantly move. Suppliers apply different strategies at different times for different reasons: Market share, volume shipments, profit. Licensing is a big weapon in their arsenal. Then new technologies emerge, legislation changes, big players go bust and others are created. It's hard to see how a static and legalistic document can cover all this.
There are also the licensing arrangements that software manufacturers employ. Licenses may be priced according to whether they are academic, charity, large volume, product upgrade, competitive upgrade, client server, thin-client, or one of several other types. On top of that there are the popular service add-ons of maintenance and technical support.
Of course if we all started afresh that would make things easier. But as that's impossible we must do two things; look at new software in terms of correct quantity and correct type of license. That's the easy part. The not so easy part is to look at what your company already has and see what licenses, if any, are missing or incorrect.
'The biggest criminal gang in history' is about to be disbanded.
?2003 Jamie Plenderleith
Microsoft Certified Licensing Specialist
Chief Developer - Whaddayagot Pro Asset Management Suite
About The Author
Jamie is a software design engineer with Everyman Technologies of Dublin Ireland. He attends Trinity College Dublin part time and is a Sci-Fi fan.
cheapest limo Akin .. Lockport Chicago limo O’HareOccupational Therapy Made EasierMedical downloads for the pda have improved... Read More
As the owner of a Country Mall and Top Site... Read More
Winter?the official start of the cold and flu season. Though,... Read More
The battle is heating up for market share, home movie... Read More
With their solid-state technology, compact size, and abundant memory, portable... Read More
PDA Medical BenefitsIf you are concerned about your medical history,... Read More
I have a love-hate relationship with my computer.In fact, often... Read More
The registry is where the computer stores information about the... Read More
I have always been interested in computers, but in the... Read More
Feeling overwhelmed in selecting a new TV? With all the... Read More
Nothing is worse than having to negotiate all kinds of... Read More
Perhaps not yet, but the handwriting might be on the... Read More
Do you use Windows standard uninstall feature? How do you... Read More
IntroductionMac OS X is the most technologically advanced operating system... Read More
Digital Video Disc or as it is sometimes referred to... Read More
Addressing a D2X Digital SLRCoolpix 8800 search, this article provides... Read More
Here are some tips on how to use screensavers:First of... Read More
You will need the following:1. 1.44MB FDD (floppy)2. NVFLASH utility... Read More
First things first, what is Firefox? Well, it's a browser.... Read More
The technological horizon has always got something new to offer,... Read More
ASR (Automated System Recovery) is a feature available on the... Read More
It's hard enough as it is these days to get... Read More
There have been some questions on anti-skip protection on mp3... Read More
So I'll start from the very beginning.One day I was... Read More
A computer needs a certain amount of information to operate;... Read More
Aledo wedding limo ..Heading off on vacation soon?Then perhaps you're tempted to take... Read More
Although there are many things that can affect the performance... Read More
So you got yourself a digital camcorder. If you want... Read More
There are soooo many choices. With all the styles and... Read More
This is the third in a series of articles highlighting... Read More
Not sure what Windows registry is or how it works?... Read More
You use Ctrl+Alt+Del to see what's running on your PC,... Read More
Here are some tips on how to use screensavers:First of... Read More
HTTP ProtocolThe web is run on port 80. You are... Read More
Computers are everywhere, and vary in specification, brands, sizes, shaped,... Read More
Windows Media Player 10 has been full of bugs from... Read More
By using your computer today you can find a lot... Read More
Tip #1. Do a Google search. Don't be to general... Read More
I met an entrepreneur who hole heartedly disagree with an... Read More
With renting methods such as online DVD rental and pay-per-view,... Read More
iPod users start to get the picture and it's turning... Read More
Computers are supposed to speed up our productivity?to help us... Read More
Ad Blocking is getting to be a common sport on... Read More
In the 1950's and 1960's Polaroid's instant cameras were all... Read More
So you've got some spyware, ad-ware, or viruses on your... Read More
Apache, MysQL and PHP for Windows could be a nice... Read More
There are many sources of heat that can raise the... Read More
The United States Of America citizen feels that games is... Read More
Feeling overwhelmed in selecting a new TV? With all the... Read More
Digital cameras ratings are great tools for deciding which camera... Read More
Personal Technology |